- 3APA3A 3proxy tiny proxy server HowTo
  Under construction, very incomplete
  - Compilation
    - How to compile 3proxy with Visual C++
    - How to compile 3proxy with Intel C Compiler under Windows
    - How to compile 3proxy with GCC under Windows
    - How to compile 3proxy with GCC under Unix/Linux
  - Proxy server installation and removal
    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Windows NT/2000/XP
    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Windows 95/98/ME
    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Unix/Linux
  - Server configuration
    - How to make 3proxy start
    - How to make limitation (access, bandwidth, traffic, connections) work
    - How to make 3proxy to run as a service
    - How to understand internal и external
    - How to make ODBC logging work?
    - How to make IPv6 work
    - How to fix 3proxy crashes
    - Where to find configuration example
    - How to set up logging
    - How to setup logging format
    - How to use log analizers with 3proxy
    - How to start any of proxy services (HTTP, SOCKS etc)
    - How to bind service to specific interface or port
    - How to resolve names through a parent proxy
    - How to setup FTP proxy
    - How to limit service access
    - How to create user list
    - How to limit user access to resources
    - How to manage redirections
    - How to manage local redirections
    - How to balance traffic between few external channgels?
    - How to manage proxy chains
    - How to limit bandwidth
    - How to limit traffic amount
    - How to fix incorrect traffic accounting
    - How to build network lists
    - How to configure name resolution and DNS caching
    - How to use IPv6
    - How to use connect back
  - Client configuration
  - Administering and information analisys
    - How to obtain latest 3proxy version
    - How to control 3proxy service under Windows NT/2000/XP
    - Log error codes reference
  - How To ask quiestion not in How To?

  - Compilation

    - How to compile 3proxy with Visual C++

      Extract source code files from 3proxy.tgz (with WinZip or another utility). Use nmake /f Makefile.msvc command

    - How to compile 3proxy with Intel C Compiler under Windows

      See How to compile 3proxy with Visual C++ Use Makefile.intl instead of Makefile.msvc

    - How to compile 3proxy with GCC under Windows

    Extract source files from 3proxy.tgz (for example with tar -xzf 3proxy.tgz command if you have tar installed) Use make -f Makefile.win command. If you want to use POSIX emulation Cygwin library (normally you shouldn't) - use make -f Makefile.unix instead. Windows specific things (like installing as service) will not be available if compiled with Cygwin emulation.

    - How to compile 3proxy with GCC under Unix/Linux

    Use

        make -f Makefile.Linux

    for Linux or Cygwin, Makefile.Solaris* (depending on compiler version) for Solaris and Makefile.unix for different Unix-like OS. On BSD derivered systems make sure to use GNU make, sometimes it's called gmake instead of make.
    Compilation is tested under FreeBSD/i386, NetBSD/i386, OpenBSD/i386, RH Linux/Alpha, Debian/i386, Gentoo/i386, Gentoo/PPC, Solaris/x86 but you shouldn't have problems under different Solaris, BSD or linux compatible systems. For different systems you may be required to patch Makefile or even source codes. If you want to use ODBC support, make sure to install ODBC for unix, remove -DNOODBC option from makefile compiler options and add ODBC library to linker variable.

  - Proxy server installation and removal

    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Windows NT/2000/XP

      Unpack 3proxy.zip to any directory, for example c:\Program Files\3proxy. If needed, create directory for storing log files, ODBC sources, etc. Create 3proxy.cfg in the 3proxy installation directory (See Server configuration). If you use 3proxy before 0.6 Add

          service

      string into 3proxy.cfg. Now, start command prompt (cmd.exe). Change directory to 3proxy installation and run 3proxy.exe --install:

          D:\>C:
          C:\>cd C:\Program Files\3proxy
          C:\Program Files\3proxy>3proxy.exe --install

      Now, you should have 3proxy service installed and running. If service is not started, remove "service" string from 3proxy.cfg, run 3proxy.exe manually and correct all errors.

      To remove 3proxy run 3proxy --remove:

          D:\>C:
          C:\>cd C:\Program Files\3proxy
          C:\Program Files\3proxy>net stop 3proxy
          C:\Program Files\3proxy>3proxy.exe --remove

      Now you can simply remove 3proxy installation directory.
    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Windows 95/98/ME

      Unpack 3proxy.zip to any directory, for example c:\Program Files\3proxy. If needed, create directory for storing log files, ODBC sources, etc. Create 3proxy.cfg in the 3proxy installation directory (See Server configuration). Remove string

          service

      from 3proxy.cfg and add

          daemon

      if you want 3proxy to run in background. Create shortcut for 3proxy.exe and place it in autostart or add to registry with regedit.exe:
      HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Type: String
      3proxy = "c:\Program Files\3proxy.exe" "C:\Program Files\3proxy.cfg"
      You must use quotes if path contains space. If neccessary, restart Windows. If service is not started, check log. Remove "daemon" command from 3proxy.cfg, start 3proxy.exe manually and correct all errors.
    - How to install/remove 3proxy under Unix/Linux

      Complie 3proxy (see Compilation). Copy executables to any appropriate location (for example /usr/local/3proxy/sbin for servers and /usr/local/3proxy/bin for utilities). Create /usr/local/etc/3proxy.cfg. (see Server configuration). You can change default configuration file location by specifing configuration file in 3proxy command line. Add 3proxy to system startup scripts.

  - Server configuration

    - How to make 3proxy start

      Valid configuration file is required.

    - How to make limitation (access, bandwidth, traffic, connections) work

      Most probable reasons for non-working limitations: 'auth none' or no auth is used. For any ACL based feature one of 'iponly', 'nbname' or 'strong' auths required. Sequence of commands may be invalid. Commands are executed one-by-one and 'proxy', 'tcppm', 'socks' or another service commands must follow valid configuration. Invalid sequence of ACLs. First matching ACL is used (except of internal redirections, see below). If ACL contains at least one records last record is assumed to be 'deny *'.

    - How to make 3proxy to run as a service

      Possible reasons for 3proxy starts manually but fails to start as a service:

      - there are relative paths in configuration file for included files, log files, etc. Always use absolute paths. For example $"c:\3proxy\networks.local" instead of $networks.local. For debugging remove 'service' and 'daemon', log to stdout an try to execute 3proxy from command line from some different directory (for example from disk root).
      - SYSTEM account doesn't have access to executable file, configuration files, log files, etc.
      - configuration files is not located in default path (3proxy.cfg in same location with 3proxy.exe). For alternative configuration file location use

            3proxy --install full_path_to_configuration_file

      - user has no rights to install or start service
      - service is already installed and/or started

      How to understant internal and external

      Both internal and external IPs are IPs of the host running 3proxy itself. This configuration option is usefull in situation 3proxy is running on the border host with 2 (or more) connections: e.g. LAN and WAN with different IPs

               LAN connection +-------------+ Internet connection
          LAN <-------------->| 3proxy host |<-------------------> INTERNET
                             ^+-------------+^
          	           |               |
                        Internal IP       External IP

      If 3proxy is used on the host with single connection, both internal and external are usually same IP.
      Internal should exist and be UP on the moment 3proxy is started and should never be disconnected/DOWN. If this interface is periodically disconnected (e.g. direct link between 2 hosts), do not specify internal address or use 0.0.0.0 instead. In this case, if you have 2 or more interfaces you must use firewall (preferably) or 3proxy ACLs to avoid open proxy situation.
      External IP (if specified) must exist in the momet 3proxy serves client request. If external interface is no specified (or 0.0.0.0), system select external IP. It may be possible to access resources of internal network, to prevent this use ACLs. In addition, SOCKSv5 will not support BIND operation, required for incoming connections (this operation is quite rarely implemented in SOCKSv5 clients and usually is not required). In case of dynamic address, do not specify external or use external 0.0.0.0 or, if external address is required, create a script to determine current external IP and save it to file, and use external "$path_to_file" with "monitor" command to automatically reload configuration on address change.
    - How to make ODBC logging work?

      Check you use system DSN. Check SQL request is valid. The best way to check is to make file or stdout logging, get SQL request from log file or console and execute this request manually. Under Unix, you may also want to adjust 'stacksize' parameter.

    - How to make IPv6 work

      Proxy can not access destination directly over IPv6 if client requests IPv4 address. To access IPv6 destination, either IPv6 address or hostname must be used in request. Best solution is to enable option to resolve hostnames via proxy on client side.

    - How to fix 3proxy crashes

      default stacksize may be insufficient, if some non-default plugins are used (e.g. PAM and ODBC on Linux) or if compiled on some platforms with invalid system defined values (few versionds of FreeBSD on amd64). Problem can be resolved with 'stacksize' command or '-S' option starting 3proxy 0.8.4.

    - Where to find configuration example

      Server configuration example 3proxy.cfg.sample is in any 3proxy distribution.

    - How to set up logging

      3proxy can log to stdout, file, ODBC datasource and syslog (Unix/Linux/Cygwin only). For using ODBC under Unix/Linux you must compile 3proxy with Unix ODBC libraries, see Compilation. You can control logging from 3proxy.cfg for all services or you can control logging of individual service, for example /usr/local/sbin/socks -l/var/log/socks.log starts SOCKS proxy with logging to file. For universal proxy (3proxy) log file rotation and archiving is supported. Log type is defined with "log" configuration file command or with -l switch on individual service invokation. log or -l is stdout logging.

          	log filename

      and

          	-lfilename

      specify filename for logging

          	log @ident

      and

          	-l@ident

      specify ident for syslog logging. If filename within "log" command contains '%' characters, it's processes as format specificator (see "logformat"). E.g. log c:\3proxy\logs\%y%m%d.log D creates file like c:\3proxy\logs\060729.log, date is generated based on local time.

          	log &connstring

      specifies ODBC connection string, connstring is in format datasource,username,password (2 last are optional of datasource does not require or already has authentication information). Also, you must specify logformat to build SQL query, to insert recod into log, see How to setup logging format

      Rotation and archiving may be set up with log, rotate и archiver commands

          	log filename LOGTYPE

      sets rotation type. LOGTYPE may be:
      - M, monthely
      - W, weekly
      - D, daily
      - H, hourly
      - C, minutely

          	rotate NUMBER

      specifies number of files in rotation (that is how many files to keep).

          	archiver EXT COMMAND PARAMETERS

      Sets external archiver. EXT is extention of archived files (for example zip, gz, Z, rar etc) COMMAND and PARAMETERS are command to execute and command line PARAMETERS. Originale file is not deleted by 3proxy, this work is left for archiver. You can pass original filename to archiver with %F macro and archive filename with %A. Examples are located in 3proxy.cfg.sample
    - How to setup logging format

      Since 0.3 version log format may be set with "logformat" command. First symbol of log format specifies format of date and time and should be L (LOCAL) or G (GMT - Grinwitch Meridian Time). Format string may contains some macro substitutions:

      - %y - Year (2 digits)
      - %Y - Year (4 digits)
      - %m - Month (2 digits)
      - %o - mOnth (3 letter abbriviation)
      - %d - Day (2 digits)
      - %H - Hour (2 digits)
      - %M - Minute (2 digits)
      - %S - Second (2 digits)
      - %t - Timestamp (seconds since January, 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT)
      - %. - Milliseconds
      - %z - Timezone in mail format (from GMT, '+' east, '-' west HHMM), For example Moscow winter time is +0300.
      - %U - Username ('-' if unknown).
      - %N - Service name (PROXY, SOCKS, POP3P, etc)
      - %p - Service port
      - %E - Error code (see. Log error codes reference)
      - %C - client IP
      - %c - client port
      - %R - target IP
      - %r - target port
      - %e - external IP address used to establish connection
      - %Q - requested IP
      - %q - requested port
      - %I - bytes received from target
      - %O - bytes sent to target
      - %n - host name from request
      - %h - hops before target (if redirection or chaning is used). see How to use chains and parent proxies)
      - %T - service specific text (for example URL requested). %X-YT where X and Y are positive numbers, only displays fields (space delimited) X to Y of the text. An example is %1-2T.
      Example:

          logformat "L%t.%. %N.%p %E %U %C:%c %R:%r %O %I %h %T"

      generates something like

      1042454727.0296 SOCK4.1080 000 3APA3A 127.0.0.1:4739 195.122.226.28:4739 505 18735 1 GET http://3proxy.org/ HTTP/1.1
      (no line breaks)

      If ODBC used, logformat should specify SQL command, to insert record into log, for example

          logformat "-\'+_GINSERT INTO proxystat  VALUES (%t, '%c', '%U', %I)"

      (no line breaks)
      -\'+_ instructs to replace characters \ and ' with _
    - How to use log analizers with 3proxy

      Just make format of 3proxy logs compatible with format supported by your favourite log analizer. Examples of compatible logformats are:
      For Squid access.log:

      "- +_G%t.%. %D %C TCP_MISS/200 %I %1-1T %2-2T %U DIRECT/%R application/unknown"

      or, more compatible format without %D

          "- +_G%t.%.      1 %C TCP_MISS/200 %I %1-1T %2-2T %U
           DIRECT/%R application/unknown"

      ISA 2000 proxy WEBEXTD.LOG (fields are TAB-delimited):

          "-	+ L%C	%U	Unknown	Y	%Y-%m-%d	%H:%M:%S
          	w3proxy	3PROXY	-	%n	%R	%r	%D
          	%O	%I	http	TCP	%1-1T	%2-2T	-	-
          	%E	-	-	-"

      ISA 2004 proxy WEB.w3c (fields are TAB-delimited):

          "-	+ L%C	%U	Unknown	%Y-%m-%d	%H:%M:%S
          	3PROXY	-	%n	%R	%r	%D	%O
          	%I	http	%1-1T	%2-2T	-	%E	-
          	-	Internal	External	0x0	Allowed"

      ISA 2000/2004 firewall FWSEXTD.log (fields are TAB-delimited):

          "-	+ L%C	%U	unnknown:0:0.0	N	%Y-%m-%d
          	%H:%M:%S	fwsrv	3PROXY	-	%n	%R	%r
          	%D	%O	%I	%r	TCP	Connect	-	-
          	-	%E	-	-	-	-	-"

      HTTPD standard log (Apache and others):

      "-""+_L%C - %U [%d/%o/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z] ""%T"" %E %I"

      or more compatible without error code

      "-""+_L%C - %U [%d/%o/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z] ""%T"" 200 %I"

    - How to start any of proxy services (HTTP, SOCKS etc)

      3proxy is distributed in 2 variants: as a set of standalone modules (proxy, socks, pop3p, tcppm, udppm) and as universal proxy server. These services are absolutely independant, and if you use 3proxy you needn't any of standalone modules.
      Standalone modules are only configurable via command line interface while 3proxy uses configuration file. Many functions, such as ODBC logging, log rotation, access control, etc are only available in 3proxy, not in standalone proxies. Standalone module may be started from command line, for example:

          $/sbin/socks -l/var/log/socks.log -i127.0.0.1

      Starts SOCKS server binded to localhost ip, port 1080 with logging to /var/log/socks.log. You can get help for any standalone service with -? command line option.

      If 3proxy is used you should start all services in 3proxy.cfg file. 3proxy.cfg is executed by 3proxy as a batch file. Example of 3proxy.cfg and command syntaxys can be found in 3proxy.cfg.sample.

          log /var/log/3proxy.log D
          rotate 30
          internal 127.0.0.1
          external 192.168.1.1
          proxy
          socks -p3129
          pop3p

      Starts 3 services: HTTP PROXY, SOCKS and POP3 PROXY. Each listens localhost interface with default port (3128 for HTTP, 1080 for SOCKS and 110 for POP3P) except socks started with port 3129. All logs are in file /var/log/3proxy.log (with daily date modification and rotation). 30 last files are stored.
    - How to bind service to specific interface and port?

      -i options specifies internal interface, -p - listening port. No space are allowed. To bind 'proxy' service to port 8080 on interfaces 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1 use

          proxy -p8080 -i192.168.1.1
          proxy -p8080 -i192.168.2.1

    - How to resolve names through a parent proxy

    A: Use one of proxy, connect+, socks4+ or socks5+ as a parent type. 3proxy itself still performs a name resolution, it's required e.g. to ACLs matching. So, if no name resolution must be performed by 3proxy itself add a command

          fakeresolve

    this command resolves any name to 127.0.0.2 address.
    - How to setup FTP proxy

    There is FTP over HTTP (what is called FTP proxy in browsers) and FTP over FTP прокси (what is called FTP proxy in file managers and FTP clients). For browsers, there is no need to start additional proxy service, 'proxy' supports FTP over HTTP, configure 'proxy' port as an FTP proxy. For ftp clients and file managers use ftppr. FTP proxy supports both active and passive mode with client, but always use passive mode with FTP servers.

    - How to limit service access

      First, always specify internal interface to accept incoming connection with 'internal' configuration command or '-i' service command. (See How to start any of proxy services (HTTP, SOCKS etc)). If no internal interface is specified your proxy will act as open one.

      It's also important to specify external interface to prevent access to internal network with 'external' or -e.

      3proxy with configuration files allows to use authentication and authorization for user's access. Authentication is possible by username/password or user's NetBIOS name. Authentication type is specified by 'auth' command.

          auth none

      Disables both authentication and authorization. You can not use ACLs.

          auth iponly

      Specifies no authentication, ACLs authorization is used.

          auth nbname

      Authentication by NetBIOS name + ACLs. NetBIOS name of 'messenger' service is obrained before ACL validation. If no name is obtained it's assumed to be empty. Messenger is started by default in Windows NT/2000/XP. For Win9x WinPopUP need to be launched. This type of authentication may be spoofed by privileged local user.

          auth strong

      Authentication by username/password. If user is not registered his access is denied regardless of ACLs.

      Different services can have different authentication levels.

          auth none
          pop3p
          auth iponly
          proxy
          auth strong
          socks

      It's possible to authorize access by client IP address, IP address or requested resource, target port, time, etc after authentication. (See How to limit resource access).

      Since 0.6 version double authentication is possible, e.g.

          auth iponly strong
          allow * * 192.168.0.0/16
          allow user1,user2
          proxy

      strong authentication will only be used if ACL requires username to deside if access must be granted. That is, in example, strong username authentication is not required to access 192.168.0.0/16

      0.6 version introduces authentication (username) caching to increase productivity. It's recommended to use authentication caching with resource or time consuming authentication types, such as nbname or external plugins (WindowsAuthentication). Caching can be set with 'authcache' command with 2 parameters: caching type and caching time (in seconds). Caching type defines the type of cached access: 'ip' - after successful authentication all connections during caching time from same IP are assigned to the same user, username is not requested. "ip,user" - username is requested and all connections from the same IP are assigned to the same user without actual authentication. "user" - same as above, but IP is not checked. "user,password" - username and password are checked against cached ones. For authentication special authentication type 'cache' must be used. Example:

          authcache ip 60
          auth cache strong windows
          proxy -n

      Please note, that caching affects security. Never use caching for access to critical resources, such as web administration.

      authcache can be used to bind user's sessions to ip with 'limit' option, with

            autchcache ip,user,pass,limit 120
            auth cache strong

      user will not be able to use more than a single IP during cache time (120 sec).
    - How to create user list

      Userslist is created with 'users' command.

          users USERDESC ...

      With a single command it's possible to define few users, or you can use few 'users' commands. USERDESC is user description. Description consists of three semicolon delimited parts - login, password type and

          users admin:CL:bigsecret test:CL:password test1:CL:password1
          users "test2:CR:$1$lFDGlder$pLRb4cU2D7GAT58YQvY49."
          users test3:NT:BD7DFBF29A93F93C63CB84790DA00E63

      Please note the usage of quotation sign: it's required to comment out $ sign overwise used as a file inclusion macro. Next password types are available:
      - No password type: use system authentication.
      - CL - cleartext password
      - CR - crypt password, only MD5 crypt passwords are supported
      - NT - NT-hashed (MD4) passwords in hex, as used in pwdump or SAMBA
      NT and crypt passwords can be used to import accounts from Windows/SAMBA or Unix. For Windows you can use pwdump family of utilities. It's convenient to store accounts apart and include account file with $ macro. Because for included files newlines are treated as a space, it's possible to use atandard passwd file format:

          users $/etc/.3proxypasswd

      or

          users $"c:\Program Files\3proxy\passwords"

      It's possible to create NT and crypt passwords with mycrypt utility included in distribution.
      Userlist is system-wide. To manage user access to specific service use ACLs.
    - How to limit user access to resources

      Commands allow, deny and flush are used to manage ACLs:

      allow <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist> <weekdaylist> <timeperiodlist>
      deny <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <weekdaylist> <timeperiodlist>
      flush

      'flush' command is used to finish with existing ACL and to start new one. It's required to have different ACLs for different services. 'allow' is used to allow connection and 'deny' to deny connection. 'allow' command can be extended by 'parent' command to manage redirections (see How to manage redirections)). If ACL is empty it allow everything. If ACL is not empty, first matching ACL entry is searched for user request and ACL action (allow or deny) performed. If no matching record found, connection is denied and user will be asked to re-authenticate (requested for username/password). To prevent this request add 'deny *' to the end of list.
      - <userlist> - comma delimited list of users
      - <sourcelist> - comma delimited list of source (client) networks. Networks can be defined as single IP address or in CIDR form xxx.yyy.zzz.mmm/l, where l - is the length of network mask (a number of non-zero bits). 192.168.1.0/24 means network with 255.255.255.0 mask.
      - <targetlist> - comma delimited list of target (server) networks. In 3proxy 0.6 and above it's allowed to use hostnames with wildmasks in targetlist. Wildmask may only present in the begginning or at the end of the hostname, e.g. 192.168.0.0/16,www.example.com,*wrongsite.com,*wrongcontent*.
      - <targetportlist> - comma delimited list of ports. I It's possible to define port ranges with -, e.g. 80,1024-65535 means port 80 and all unprivileged ports.
      - <commandlist> - the list of allowed actions
        CONNECT - establish outgoing TCP connection. e.g. POP3 or SOCKSv5
        BIND - allow incoming TCP connection (SOCKSv5)
        UDPASSOC - create UDP association (SOCKSv5)
        ICMPASSOC - create ICMP association (not implemented)
        HTTP_GET - HTTP GET request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP_PUT - HTTP PUT request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP_POST - HTTP POST request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP_HEAD - HTTP HEAD request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP_CONNECT - HTTP CONNECT, aka HTTPS request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP_OTHER - another HTTP request (HTTP proxy)
        HTTP - any HTTP request except HTTP_CONNECT (HTTP proxy)
        HTTPS - alias to HTTP_CONNECT (HTTP proxy)
        FTP_GET - FTP get request (http, ftp proxy)
        FTP_PUT - FTP put request (ftp proxy)
        FTP_LIST - FTP list request (http, ftp proxy)
        FTP - any FTP request
        ADMIN - administration interface access

      - <weeksdays> - week days numbers or periods (0 or 7 means Sunday, 1 is Monday, 1-5 means Monday through Friday).
      - <timeperiodlists> - a list of time periods in HH:MM:SS-HH:MM:SS format. For example, 00:00:00-08:00:00,17:00:00-24:00:00 lists non-working hours.
      * in ACL means "any". Usage examples could be found in 3proxy.cfg.sample.
    - How to manage redirections

      Redirections are usefull to e.g. forward requests from specific clients to different servers or proxy server. Additionally, redirections are usefull to convert proxy interface from ont format to another, e.g. requests from SOCKS proxy can be redirected to parent HTTP proxy, or SOCKSv5 client can be redirected to SOCKSv4 proxy.
      Because 3proxy understand "transparent" web request, it can be used as an intermediate software between HTTP proxy and NAT server for transparent HTTP forwarding, because it can convert "Web server" request issued by client to "proxy request" required by proxy server. A simplest redirection is:

          auth iponly
          allow *
          parent 1000 http 192.168.1.1 3128
          proxy

      All trafiic of HTTP proxy is redirected to parent proxy 192.168.1.1 port 3128.
      If port number is '0', IP address from 'parent' is used as external address for this connection (that is like -eIP, but only for connections matching 'allow').
      Special case of redirection are local redirections. In this case both IP is 0.0.0.0 and port is 0. It's only usseful with SOCKS service. In this case no new connection is established, but request is parsed by corresponding local service. E.g.:

          auth iponly
          allow * * * 80
          parent 1000 http 0.0.0.0 0
          allow * * * 21
          parent 1000 ftp 0.0.0.0 0
          allow * * * 110
          parent 1000 pop3 0.0.0.0 0
          socks

      In this case all SOCKS traffic with destination port 80 is forwarded to local 'proxy' service, destination port 21 to 'ftppr' and 110 to 'pop3pr'. There is no need to run these services expicitly. Local redirections are usefull if you want to see and control via ACLs protocol specific parameters, e.g. filenames requests thorugh FTP while clients are using SOCKS.
    - Как управлять локальными перенаправлениями

      Q: What is it for?

      A: To have control based on request and to have URLs and another protocol specific parameters to be logged.

      Q: What are restrictions?

      A: It's hard to redirect services for non-default ports; Internet Explorer supports only SOCKSv4 with no password authentication (Internet Explorer sends username, but not password), for SOCKSv5 only cleartext password authentication is supported.

      Q: What are advantages?

      A: You need only to setup SOCKS proxy in browser settings. You can use socksifier, i.e. FreeCAP or SocksCAP with application which is not proxy aware.

      Q: How to setup?

      A: You should specify parent proxy with IP of 0.0.0.0 and port 0. Examples:

          auth iponly
          allow * * * 80,8080-8088
          parent 1000 http 0.0.0.0 0
          allow * * * 80,8080-8088
          #redirect ports 80 and 8080-8088 to local HTTP proxy
          #Second allow is required, because ACLs are checked
          #twice: first time by socks and second by http proxy.

          allow * * * 21,2121
          parent 1000 ftp 0.0.0.0 0
          allow * * * 21,2121
          #redirect ports 21 and 2121 to local
          #ftp proxy

          allow *
          #allow rest of connections directly

          socks
          #now let socks server to start

      Q: How it affects different ACL rules

      A: After local redirections rules are applied again to protocol-level request. Redirection rule itself is skipped. It makes it possible to redirect request again on the external proxy depending on request itself.

          allow * * * 80,8080-8088
          parent 1000 http 0.0.0.0 0
          #redirect http traffic to internal proxy

          allow * * $c:\3proxy\local.nets 80,8080-8088
          #allow direct access to local.nets networks
          allow * * * 80,8080-8088
          parent 1000 http proxy.3proxy.org 3128
          #use parent caching proxy for rest of the networks

          allow *
          #allow direct connections for rest of socks
          #requests

    - How to balance traffic between few external channgels?

      Proxy itself doesn't manage network level routing. The only way to control outgoing channel is to select external interface. It's possible to make external interface (what is usually selected with 'external' command or '-e' option) random by using local redirection with external port 0.

          auth iponly
          allow *
          parent 500 http 10.1.1.101 0
          parent 500 http 10.2.1.102 0

      Now external interface is randomly selected with 0.5 probability between 10.1.1.101 and 10.2.1.102. To work as expected, different default routes must between 2 interfaces. used

      If both interface addresses are in same network, e.g. 10.1.1.101 and 10.1.1.102 and you want to select random gateway between 10.1.1.1 and 10.1.1.2, you must control it by using routing table, in case there is no default gateway route for Windows:

           route add -p 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.101
           route add -p 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.102
           route add -p 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1
           route add -p 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2

      If you have no second address yet, just add it. Under Linux/Unix it's better to use source routing.
    - How to manage proxy chains

      parent command may also be used to build a proxy chains. In this case few 'parent' commands are used for single 'allow' rule with different weights (first argument of parent command). Chain may contain any number of proxy servers, but it should be noted that every hope significantly reduces productivity. It's possible to mix different types of proxy within single chain: HTTPS (HTTP connect), SOCKS4, SOCKS5. Weight different from 1000 is used to build random chains. if weight W is below 1000, this proxy will be used as a next chain hop with probability of W/1000. That is, if the weight is 250 probability this proxy will be used for the next hope is 25%. 'parent' records with common weight of 1000 establish a group, one of these record will be used for the hop with probability according to weight. Warning: each group must have a weight even of 1000. As follows, common weight of all 'parent' records must also be even of 1000. If common weight of 'parent' records in te chain is 3000, chain has 3 hops and must be formed of 3 groups. Example:

          allow *
          parent 500 socks5 192.168.1.1 1080
          parent 500 connect 192.168.10.1 3128

      In this case we have 1 parent proxy (1 hop) which is randomely choosen between 2 hosts: 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.10.1. 2 records form a single group.

          allow * * * 80
          parent 1000 socks5 192.168.10.1 1080
          parent 1000 connect 192.168.20.1 3128
          parent 300 socks4 192.168.30.1 1080
          parent 700 socks5 192.168.40.1 1080

      In this case we have 3 groups (3 hops in the chain). First hop is 192.168.10.1, second hop is 192.168.20.1 and 3rd one is either 192.168.30.1 with probability of 30% or 192.168.40.1 with probability of 70%.
    - How to limit bandwidth

      3proxy supports bandwidth filters. To manage filters bandlimin/bandlimout and nobandlimin/nobandlimout. 'in' means incoming and 'out' - outgoing traffic.

      bandlimin <bitrate> <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>
      nobandlimin <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>

      Commands are applied to all services. Imagine bandwidth filters as a series of pipes. Bitrate is a pipe's width and ACLs controls the flow thorugh this pipe.

            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.16
            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.17
            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.18
            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.19

      Create 4 separete pipes for 4 client with emulation of modem connection.

            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.16/30

      Create single pipe for all 4 clients. That is 4 clients share modem connection. In this example:

            nobandlimin * * * 110
            bandlimin 57600 * 192.168.10.16/32

      mail traffic from POP3 servers bypasses the pipe and has no bandwidth limitation.
    - How to limit traffic amount

      counter <filename> <type> <reportpath>
      countin <number> <type> <amount> <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>
      nocountin <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>
      countout <number> <type> <amount> <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>
      nocountout <userlist> <sourcelist> <targetlist> <targetportlist> <commandlist>

      You can set traffic limit per day (D), week (W), month (M), year (Y) or absolute ('N'), as specified by 'type' argument of counterin command. Traffic information is stored in binary file specified by 'filename' argument. countersutil utility can be used to manage this file. reportpath specifies location of text reports, type parameter of 'counter' command controls how often text reports are created. amount is amount of allowed traffic in Megabytes (MB). nocountin allows you to set exclusions.

    - How to fix incorrect traffic accounting

      3proxy accounts protocol level traffic. Provider counts channel or IP-level traffic with network and transport headers. In additions, 3proxy doesn't counts DNS resolutions, pings, floods, scans, etc. It makes approx. 10% of difference. That's why you should have 15% reserve if you use 3proxy to limit your traffic. If difference with your provider is significantly above 10% you should look for traffic avoiding proxy server, for example connections through NAT, traffic originated from the host with proxy installed, traffic from server applications, etc.

    - How to configure name resolution and DNS caching

      For name resolution and caching use commands nserver, nscache / nscache6 and nsrecord.

            nserver 192.168.1.2
            nserver 192.168.1.3:5353/tcp

      sets DNS resolvers. 192.168.1.3 will be used via TCP/5353 (instead of default UDP/53) only if 192.168.1.2 fails. Up to 5 nservers may be specified. If no nserver is configured, default system name resolution functions are used.

            nscache 65535
            nscache6 65535

      sets name cache size for IPv4 and IPv6. Name cache must be large enouth, if presents. name cache is only used if nserver is configured.

            nsrecord server.mycompany.example.com 192.168.1.1
            nsrecord www.porno.com 127.0.0.2
            ...
            deny * * 127.0.0.2

      adds static nsrecords. Also, static nsrecords are used for dnspr, unless -s option is specified. Since 0.8 version, parent proxy may be configured for dnspr.
    - How to use IPv6

      IPv6 is supported since 0.8. Please note, some proxy protolos, e.g. SOCKSv4, do not support IPv6. SOCKSv5 supports IPv6 with special request type (must be implemented by client).
      3proxy supports proxying from IPv4 and IPv6 networks to IPv4, IPv6 and mixed networks. IPv6 address may be used in internal, external, parent commands, ACLs, -i and -e options,etc. external command and -e options may be given twice for each service - once with IPv4 and once with IPv6 address. internal can be given only once, to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses use [0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0] or [::].
      Any service may be configured with -4, -46, -64, -6 options to specify decied priority for name to IPv4/IPv6 address resolution (IPv4 only, IPv4 priority, IPv6 priority, IPv6 only).

    - How to use connect back

      In example, users needs access from external network to proxy server located on the host 192.168.1.2. This host can not be accessed from external network, but it has access to external network with with external address 1.1.1.1. Also, user has access to the host 2.2.2.2 (IP address may be dynamic) with hostname host.dyndns.example.org via external network. User needs 2 instances of 3proxy, first one on the host 192.168.1.2 with config

            users user:CL:password
            auth strong
            allow user
            proxy -rhost.dyndns.example.org:1234

      second one on the host.dyndns.example.org (2.2.2.2) with config

            auth iponly
            allow * * 1.1.1.1
            tcppm -R0.0.0.0:1234 3128 1.1.1.1 3128

      For browser settings proxy is host.dyndns.example.org:3128.

  - Client configuration

  - Administering and information analisys

    - How to obtain latest 3proxy version

      Latest version of 3proxy may be obtained here. New version may have changes and incompatibilities with previous one in files format or commands. Please, read CHANGELOG file and another documentation before installing new version.

    - How to control 3proxy service under Windows NT/2000/XP

      If installed as system service, 3proxy understands Windows service commands for START, STOP, PAUSE and RESUME. If service is PAUSEd, no new connections are accepted while older connections are processed. Currently there is no support for dynamic configuration change, so, you have to restart service completely if you have changed any configuration. You can control 3proxy service via "Services" administration ot via "net" command:

          	net start 3proxy
          	net stop 3proxy
          	net pause 3proxy
          	net continue 3proxy

    - Log error codes reference

      - 0 - Operation successfully complited (connection was closed by one of peers)
      - 1-9 - AUTHENTICATION ERRORS
      - 1 - Access denied by ACL (deny)
      - 2 - Redirection (should not appear)
      - 3 - No ACL found, denied by default
      - 4 - auth=strong and no username in request
      - 5 - auth=strong and no matching username in configuration
      - 6 - User found, wrong password (cleartext)
      - 7 - User found, wrong password (crypt)
      - 8 - User found, wrong password (NT)
      - 9 - Redirection data not found (should not appear)
      - 10 - Traffic limit exceeded
      - 11-19 - CONNECTION ERRORS
      - 11 - failed to create socket()
      - 12 - failed to bind()
      - 13 - failed to connect()
      - 14 - failed to getpeername()
      - 20-29 - COMMON ERRORS
      - 21 - memory allocation failed
      - 30-39 - CONNECT PROXY REDIRECTION ERRORS
      - 31 - failed to request HTTP CONNECT proxy
      - 32 - CONNECT proxy connection timed out or wrong reply
      - 33 - CONNECT proxy fails to establish connection
      - 34 - CONNECT proxy timed out or closed connection
      - 40-49 - SOCKS4 PROXY REDIRECTION ERRORS
      - 50-69 - SOCKS5 PROXY REDIRECTION ERRORS
      - 70-79 PARENT PROXY CONNECTION ERRORS (identical to 1x)
      - 90-99 - established connection errors
      - since 0.9
      - 90 - unexpected system error (should not happen)
      - 91 - unexpected poll error (should not happen)
      - 92 - connection terminated by timeout (see timeouts)
      - 93 - connection terminated by ratelimit-related timeout or due to errors limit
      - 94 - connection termination by server or client with unsent data
      - 95 - dirty connection termination by client (or networking issue)
      - 96 - dirty connection termination by server (or networking issue)
      - 97 - dirty connection termination by both client and server (probably networking issue)
      - prior to 0.9:
      - 90 - socket error or connection broken
      - 91 - TCP/IP common failure
      - 92 - connection timed out
      - 93 - error on reading data from server
      - 94 - error on reading data from client
      - 95 - timeout from bandlimin/bandlimout limitations
      - 96 - error on sending data to client
      - 97 - error on sending data to server
      - 98 - server data limit (should not appear)
      - 99 - client data limit (should not appear)
      - 100 - HOST NOT FOUND
      - 200-299 - UDP portmapper specific bugs
      - 300-399 - TCP portmapper specific bugs
      - 400-499 - SOCKS proxy specific bugs
      - 500-599 - HTTP proxy specific bugs
      - 600-699 - POP3 proxy specific bugs
      - 999 - NOT IMPLEMENTED

  - How To ask quiestion not in How To?

    Ask it in Github. Don't try to ask something before reading this document.